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IUCN's World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) provides a framework for assessing the management effectiveness of protected areas through six elements i.e. context, planning, input, process, output and outcomes.
It begins with establishing the context of existing values and threats, progresses through planning and allocation of resources (inputs) as a result of management actions (process) and eventually produces goods and services (outputs) that result in impacts or outcomes.
The elements are grouped within design/planning, adequacy and appropriateness of management systems and processes and delivery of protected area objectives including conservation of values.